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THE GRAND TORMENTOR (1)

13 November 2023

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Ravana, the supreme lord of this and other worlds, sat in his durbar hall, surrounded by a vast throng of courtiers and attendants. The kings of this earth whom he had reduced to vassaldom stood about with their hands upraised in an attitude of perpetual salutation, lest at any moment Ravana should turn in their direction and think that they were not sufficiently servile. Beauties gathered from all the worlds surrounded him, singing, dancing, ministering to his wants, ever ready to give him pleasure and service, with all their eyes fixed on him watching for the slightest sign of command. Every minute vast quantities of flowers were rained on him by his admirers. He had also enslaved the reigning gods and put them to perform menial tasks in his court. Among them Vayu, the god of wind, was there to blow away faded flowers and garlands, and generally sweep the hall clean. Yama, the god of death, was employed to sound the gong each hour to tell the time of day. The god of fire was in charge of all illumination and kept lamps, incense, and camphor flames alit. The Kalpataru, the magic tree that yielded any wish, taken away from Indra, was also there to serve Ravana. Sage Narada sat there gently playing his veena. The gurus-Brihaspathi, who guided the gods, and Sukracharya, who guided the asuras-men possessing the finest intellects, were also there ready to advise Ravana when asked and to act generally as soothsayers. Into this setting crashed Soorpanaka, screaming so loudly that all the men, women, and children of the city came rushing out of their homes and crowded the northern portal of the palace, where Soorpanaka had made her entry. She dashed up and fell before Ravana's throne, crying, "See what has happened to me!" When Ravana observed her state, he thundered, "What is the meaning of this? Who has done it?"-in such a tone that all nature shrank and slunk away from the scene. Gods held their breath unable to gauge the upheaval that would follow when Ravana struck in revenge. While everyone in the assembly held his breath and waited, Ravana inquired with deliberate calmness, "Who has done this to you?" Soorpanaka explained in detail and concluded, referring to Rama, "Even if I had a thousand tongues, I could never fully explain his beauty and the grandeur of his personality. Even if one had a thousand eyes one could not take in the splendour of this being. His strength is unmatched. Single- handed he wiped out all our army." She realized that she had made a blunder revealing too much of her inner feelings for Rama and corrected herself by adding, "For all his looks, what a cruel boart be bool His missi in life in to wine out our whole family, clan, class from the face of this earth." "Ah," cried Ravana, challenged. "We will see about that. But tell me why he did this to you. How did you provoke him?" "He has a woman who should be yours. If you win her I fear all your present favourites will be thrown out. I also fear that you will surrender to her all your powers, valour, possessions, and conquests and make yourself her abject devotee. Her name is Sita. I was so overcome by her beauty that I waited and watched for a chance and attempted to snatch her and bring her to you as a present." Ravana's interest shifted from revenge to love and he said, "Why didn't you?" "When I seized her, this man's brother-Ah! how strong he was!-fell on me and slashed my face." "Tell me all about her...." Ravana commanded, ignoring all other issues. Soorpanaka described Sita from head to toe in minute detail. The picture she conjured up was convincing and Ravana fell madly in love with her image. He became restless and unhappy. Every syllable that Soorpanaka uttered gave him both pleasure and pain. Soorpanaka urged him to set forth and capture Sita. Finally she said, "When v have succeeded in getting that woman, kee but be sure to surrender the man Rama to 150/272 ur with him." She had no doubt that her strategy to separa Sita from Rama was going to succeed and then Rama would naturally turn to her for love. Ravana felt uneasy. He rose abruptly and left the hall, unwilling to let the assembly notice his state of mind. They rained flowers on him and uttered blessings and recited his glory as usual when he strode down the passage. His ten heads were held erect and his eyes looked straight ahead, not noticing the people standing about in respectful array; his mind was seething with ideas for the conquest of Sita. Soorpanaka's words had lit an all-consuming flame within him. He ignored his wives, who were awaiting his favours, and passed on to his own private chamber, where he shut the door and flung himself on his luxurious bed. He lay there tossing, unable to rid his mind of the figure conjured up by Soorpanaka's words. It was a total obsession; he felt tormented and raged against his surroundings, which appeared to aggravate his suffering. Presently he realized that his bed and the chamber were uninhabitable. The place seemed to be scorching hot He got up and moved out unceremoniously to the woods, leaving his attendants and aides wondering what kind of seizure was driving him hither and thither. He moved to his garden house of pure marble and gold set amidst towering palmyra and flowering trees, and lay down on a pure white satin bed. When they saw him arrive, cuckoos and parrots in the trees silenced themselves.

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Articles
The Ramayana
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The Ramayana is, quite simply, the greatest of Indian epics - and one of the world's supreme masterpieces of storytelling 'Almost every individual living in India,' writes R. K. Narayan in the Introduction to this new interpretation, 'is aware of the story of The Ramayana. Everyone of whatever age, outlook, education or station in life knows the essential part of the epic and adores the main figures in it - Rama and Sita. Every child is told the story at bedtime . . . The Ramayana pervades our cultural life.' Although the Sanskrit original was composed by Valmiki, probably around the fourth century BC, poets have produced countless variant versions in different languages. Here, drawing his inspiration from the work of an eleventh-century Tamil poet called Kamban, Narayan has used the talents of a master novelist to recreate the excitement and joy he has found in the original. It can be enjoyed and appreciated, he suggests, for its psychological insight, its spiritual depth and its practical wisdom - or just as a thrilling tale of abduction,battle and courtship played out in a universe thronged with heroes, deities and demons.
1

RAMA'S INITIATION

9 November 2023
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The new assembly hall, Dasaratha’s latest pride, was crowded all day with visiting dignitaries, royal emissaries, and citizens coming in with representations or appeals for justice. The King

2

THATAKA'S STORY

9 November 2023
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The woman I speak of was the daughter of Suketha, a yaksha, a demigod of great valour, might, and purity. She was beautiful and full of wild energy. When she grew up she was married to a

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MAHABALI'S STORY

9 November 2023
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This is consecrated ground where Vishnu once sat in meditation. (Although Rama was Vishnu, his human incarnation made him unaware of his identity at the moment.) While Vishnu was thus eng

4

GANGA'S STORY

9 November 2023
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Every inch of ground on earth, as you may have realized by now, has a divine association. Mother Earth has been there since the beginning of creation, being one of the five primeval elements. She

5

AHALYA'S STORY

9 November 2023
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Brahma once created, out of the ingredients of absolute beauty, a woman, and she was called Ahalya (which in the Sanskrit language means non-imperfection). God Indra, being the highest go

6

THE WEDDING !! (1)

10 November 2023
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Mithila, after all the forests, mountain paths, valleys, and places of solitude and silence through which we havetravelled thus far, offers a pleasant change to a city of colour and pleasure, with pe

7

THE WEDDING !! (2)

10 November 2023
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They were bewildered and amused at first, but later became genuinely concerned, when they noticed tears streaming down her cheeks. They found her prattling involuntarily, “Shoulders of emerald, eyes l

8

THE WEDDING (3)

10 November 2023
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Although he had exhibited no sign of it, deeply within he felt a disturbance. His innate sense of discipline and propriety had made him conceal his feelings before other people. Now he kept thinking o

9

THE WEDDING (4)

10 November 2023
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"How do you know it was not a divine inspiration that gave you the thought?" "In all the worlds, is there anyone who can tackle this bow, the very sight of which in Shiva's hand made erring gods and g

10

THE WEDDING (5)

10 November 2023
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He then passed orders: "Let the announcement in appropriate language be made widely that King Janaka has invited for Rama's wedding every man, woman, and child in our capital. Let those able to travel

11

THE WEDDING (6)

10 November 2023
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"Those who were together only a little while ago came together again, and there was no need for any elaborate ritual of speech between them," says Kamban, describing the couple's first meeting at the

12

TWO PROMISED REVIVED !! (1)

10 November 2023
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In his busy life Dasaratha perhaps had never studied his mirror properly. He had had no occasion to scrutinize himself too long in the mirror or engage himself in any introspection. Suddenly one day h

13

TWO PROMISED REVIVED (2)

11 November 2023
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Grown old, my physical body is ready for dissolution...." He had said these things before and was now repeating himself. Rama understood that there must be some deep agitation within him. But out of r

14

TWO PROMISED REVIVED (3)

11 November 2023
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 "Never! how would she dare!" cried Kaikeyi involuntarily. "Let her try!" "By this time tomorrow, it could happen, it's bound to happen sooner or later." Thus Kooni had brought Kaikeyi to the brink of

15

TWO PROMISED REVIVED (4)

11 November 2023
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"You have promised me the granting of two boons, and you have swom to it in the name of Rama-your darling son Rama. And now I'll speak out my mind. If you reject my demand, you will be the first of th

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TWO PROMISED REVIVED (5)

11 November 2023
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Vasishtha understood, but still asked, "What is the cause. of this change?" Kaikeyi, whose good manners had reached their limit, now said, "If my husband will speak, he can-otherwise please wait. Just

17

TWO PROMISED REVIVED (6)

11 November 2023
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Rama smiled to himself. "She has undertaken to keep me company and may have to go a long way on foot yet." "Still, when a chariot is available, please come. At least you can leave the crowd behind and

18

ENCOUNTERS IN EXCILE (1)

12 November 2023
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They reached Panchvati, set in sylvan surroundings in the proximity of the river. Lakshmana, adept as he had proved to be, had already gone ahead and created a home for them with clay, thatch, leaves,

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ENCOUNTERS IN EXCILE (2)

12 November 2023
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"Oh, beauty, will you explain why, when you happen to be the sister of that overlord of three worlds, Ravana, you have not come surrounded with attendants and bearers, but all alone, unescorted?" She

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ENCOUNTERS IN EXCILE (3)

12 November 2023
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" Soorpanaka made one last attempt to gain Rama's love. She said, "Even now it's not too late. My brother Ravana will pardon you for what you have done if he knows we are married; he will also make yo

21

THE GRAND TORMENTOR (1)

13 November 2023
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Ravana, the supreme lord of this and other worlds, sat in his durbar hall, surrounded by a vast throng of courtiers and attendants. The kings of this earth whom he had reduced to vassaldom stood about

22

THE GRAND TORMENTOR (2)

13 November 2023
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The late winter with its light mist and cool wind proved uncomfortable to Ravana, who shouted at it the question, "What wretched season are you?"-whereupon the weather changed to early summer, a rathe

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THE GRAND TORMENTOR (3)

13 November 2023
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Mareecha, who was now putting forth his best effort to live a new life and practise all the moral and spiritual values, cried, "It's immoral. Coveting another's wife...." "She had no business to becom

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THE GRAND TORMENTOR (4)

13 November 2023
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Mareecha went to Dandaka forest. In the vicinity of Panchvati, he assumed the form of a golden deer and strutted before Rama's cottage. Attracted by its brilliance, other deer came up and surrounded t

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THE GRAND TORMENTOR (5)

14 November 2023
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Sita had no ear for any explanation and went on repeating, "Go, go and save him! How can you stay here talking! I'm surprised at your calmness." As Lakshmana kept on asking her to remain calm, she bec

26

VALI

14 November 2023
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The perfect man takes a false step, apparently commits a moral slip, and we ordinary mortals stand puzzled before the incident. It may be less an actual error of commission on his part than a lack of

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SUGREEVA'S STORY

14 November 2023
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Blessed by the grace of Shiva, there is one who possesses unlimited strength and his name is Vali, the brother of Sugreeva here. In ancient times, when the gods and demons tried to churn the ocean to

28

DUNDUBI'S STORY (1)

14 November 2023
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These are the bones of a monster named Dundubi; he was a powerful demon in the shape of a buffalo. He had sought out Vishnu and said, "I wish to engage you in a war." Vishnu directed him to Shiva as t

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DUNDUBI'S STORY (2)

14 November 2023
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Tara, his wife, interceded at this moment, pleading, "Please do not go out now. There must be some extraordinary reason why your brother is b manner." 183/272 th Vali shouted, "Oh, my wife, get out of

30

WHEN THE RAINS CEASE !! (1)

15 November 2023
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Sugreeva was crowned with elaborate rituals and festivities. Robed royally, and wearing a scintillating crown, Sugreeva approached Rama, who had stayed outside Kiskinda throughout the celebrations, an

31

WHEN THE RAINS CEASE !! (2)

15 November 2023
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All this was minutely noted by Rama, as indicating a definite change of season and a reminder that Sugreeva had failed to keep his promise to arrive with his army. He said to Lakshmana, "Does it not s

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WHEN THE RAINS CEASE !! (3)

15 November 2023
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Tara addressed him with all courtesy. "We are honoured and happy at your visit. But the manner of your coming has frightened us. Until we know what you have in mind, we will feel uneasy. Is there anyt

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WHEN THE RAINS CEASE 4

15 November 2023
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Sugreeva called up the commanders and allotted to each a task, in different directions. Hanuman and Angada were to proceed southward, and that was the most important of the assignments. Before Hanuman

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WHEN THE RAINS CEASE 5

15 November 2023
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Hanuman and Angada went southward, taking a picked army with them. They crossed mountains and rivers. Wherever they suspected Ravana might be hiding, they fell to in a frenzy and ransacked every nook

35

MEMENTO FROM RAMA.

16 November 2023
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Landing on the soil of Lanka, Hanuman shrank himself to an unnoticeable size and began his search for Sita. He peeped into every building in the city. He saw several streets with houses in which Ravan

36

RAVANA IN COUNCIL.

16 November 2023
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Ravana's capital, after its destruction by Hanuman, was rebuilt by the divine architect Maya. Surveying it now, Ravana forgot for a moment the setback he had suffered, and was lost in admiration of th

37

RAVANA IN COUNCIL. (1)

16 November 2023
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Ravana's capital, after its destruction by Hanuman, was rebuilt by the divine architect Maya. Surveying it now, Ravana forgot for a moment the setback he had suffered, and was lost in admiration of th

38

RAVANA IN COUNCIL.(2)

16 November 2023
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Ravana glared at his brother and said with a bitter laugh, "You began with agreeable sentences and sentiments but you go on prattling away like a madman. Is it out of fear or out of love for those hum

39

ACROSS THE OCEAN.

16 November 2023
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As Vibishana noticed Rama standing at the edge of the sea, brooding, perhaps, on plans to rescue Sita, he kept himself in the background, not wishing to break in on him at just that moment. Later, how

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THE SIEGE OF LANKA.

16 November 2023
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Ravana deployed the pick of his divisions to guard the approaches to the capital and appointed his trusted generals and kinsmen in special charge of key places. Gradually, however, his world began to

41

RAMA AND RAVANA IN BATTLE.(1)

16 November 2023
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Every moment, news came to Ravana of fresh disasters in his camp. One by one, most of his commanders were lost. No one who went forth with battle cries was heard of again. Cries and shouts and the wai

42

RAMA AND RAVANA IN BATTLE.(2)

16 November 2023
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Ravana suddenly realized that he should change his tactics and ordered his charioteer to fly the chariot up in the skies. From there he attacked and destroyed a great many of the monkey army supportin

43

INTERLUDE.

17 November 2023
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To Link Up the Narrative, an Extract from "Valmiki"12 After the death of Ravana, Rama sent Hanuman as his emissary to fetch Sita. Sita was overjoyed. She had been in a state of mourning all along, com

44

THE CORONATION.

17 November 2023
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Rama explained that he had to adopt this trial in order to demonstrate Sita's purity beyond a shadow of doubt to the whole world. This seemed a rather strange inconsistency on the part of one who had

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EPILOGUE.

17 November 2023
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Rama entered Ayodhya, after fourteen years of exile, a time during which he rid this world of evil forces that had tormented it for centuries. It was a happy reunion at the capital. The coronation fes

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